The Physics of Exciton-Polariton Condensates
Medias
Présentation
In 2006 researchers created the first polariton Bose-Einstein condensate at 19K in the solid state. Being inherently open quantum systems, polariton condensates open a window into the unpredictable world of physics beyond the “fifth state of matter”: the limited lifetime of polaritons renders polariton condensates out-of-equilibrium and provides a fertile test-bed for non-equilibrium physics. This book presents an experimental investigation into exciting features arising from this non-equilibrium behavior. Through careful experimentation, the author demonstrates the ability of polaritons to synchronize and create a single energy delocalized condensate. Under certain disorder and excitation conditions the complete opposite case of coexisting spatially overlapping condensates may be observed. The author provides the first demonstration of quantized vortices in polariton condensates and the first observation of fractional vortices with full phase and amplitude characterization. Finally, this book investigates the dynamics of polariton populations trapped in neighboring potential traps – and shows that coherent population oscillations are observed – in direct analogy to the AC Josephson effect. This book puts significant weight on both the details of the experimental techniques and the theoretical tools used pick apart the experimental findings making it an invaluable aide for condensed matter researchers interested in exciton-polaritons condensates.
Sommaire
- PREFACE
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
- ABSTRACT
- 1 INTRODUCTION – From electronics to optoelectronics – From Louis De Broglie to condensation of dilute atomic gases – Condensation and optoelectronics: a dream becomes reality – Overview
- 2 CONDENSATION AND EXCITON-POLARITONS – Bosons and condensation – Microcavities – Polaritons – Polariton condensates
- 3 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES AND SAMPLE – Sample – Lasers – Setup – Methods
- 4 SYNCHRONIZATION OF POLARITON CONDENSATES – Introduction – Condensation in a synchronized state – Desynchronized condensates – The power dependence of the energy difference – On the pre-existence of the synchronized state – From a simplistic approach to a full model – Conclusions
- 5 CONDENSATION IN MULTIPLE MODES – Introduction – The effect of the excitation laser on the condensate spectrum – Preliminary observations – Real space tomography – Momentum space tomography – On the coherence of the individual modes – Theoretical approach – Conclusions
- 6 CONVENTIONAL VORTICITY – Introduction – The phase singularity – The density at the vortex core – Theoretical model – Conclusions
- 7 UNCONVENTIONAL VORTICITY – Introduction – Phase and density properties of HQVs – Polarization resolved interferometry – Density measurements – Probing the mutual coherence between the two spin components – The effect of the polarization splitting – Conclusions
- 8 DYNAMICS OF SPONTANEOUS VORTICES – Introduction – Time integrated vortex observation – Time resolved interferometric measurements – Theoretical approach – Vortex dynamics at the early stages of condensation – Conclusions
- 9 DYNAMICS OF POLARITON CONDENSATES IN DOUBLE WELLS – Introduction – Locating the polariton Josephson junction – Methods for the evaluation of the oscillations – Low excitation regime – High excitation power regime – Spectroscopic analysis – Theoretical approach – Conclusions
- 10 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK
- SELECTED PUBLICATIONS
- REFERENCES
- APPENDIX: STABILIZATION ELECTRONICS
Informations
Editeur : EPFL Press English Imprint
Collection : Physics
Publication : 22 novembre 2013
Edition : 1ère édition
Support(s) : Livre papier
Nombre de pages Livre papier : 176
Format (en mm) Livre papier : 160 x 240
Poids (en grammes) : 490
Langue(s) : Français
EAN13 Livre papier : 9782940222759
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